Background: It is critical to understand Laser-microtextured implant collars’,influence on periimplant pocket depths and marginal bone levels, especially in crucial areas. The present review investigated the peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) and pocket depths and failure rates of dental implants with Laser-microtextured collars. Methods: An electronic search was run in the PubMed and Embase databases until September 15, 2019. Randomized and prospective clinical studies comparing peri-implant MBL and pocket depths and failure rates between implants with Laser-microtextured and machined collar surfaces were included. Five studies (two cohort studies and three RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis after the inclusion and exclusion criteria and qualitative assessments were applied. The risk ratio of osseointegrated implant failure and mean differences in peri-implant MBL and pocket depths were calculated using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Results: Implants with Laser-microtextured collars exhibited significantly better marginal bone level scores (P < 0. 001,MD: 0. 54,95% CI: 0. 489‒, 0. 592) and a significant reduction in peri-implant probing depths than implants with machined collars (P < 0. 001,MD: 1. 01,95% CI: 0. 90‒, 1. 13). The assessed studies showed that 17 out of 516 implants failed (3. 29%), comprising nine implants with machined (3. 62%) and eight implants with Laser-microtextured collars (2. 98%). However, no significant differences were detected in the implant neck surface characterization (P = 0. 695,RR: 1. 205,95% CI: 0. 472‒, 3. 076). Conclusion: This study suggests that Laser-microtexturing of implant collar significantly affected the peri-implant MBL and probing depths. Although no significant differences were noted in implant failure rates between implants with Laser-microtextured and machined collar surfaces, the peri-implant MBL and probing depths with Laser-microtextured collars were significantly lower than the machined collars.

Background and Aim: Undesirable appearance of the scar tissue after aesthetic surgery can affect the outcomes and patient satisfaction. In recent years, early Laser therapy had been encouraged to reduce the scar tissue formation. However, the available evidence regarding the outcomes of Laser therapy utilizing combined Lasers are limited. In the current study, the effects of combined Laser therapy using pulsed dye Laser (PDL ) and fractional CO2 Laser on the appearance of the scar tissue after aesthetic surgeries were investigated. Methods: There were 15 patients enrolled in the current study including 13 mammoplasty and 2 abdominoplasty patients. In mammoplasty, each breast was randomly assigned to the Laser therapy or control group. In abdominoplasty, split scar design was used. In Laser therapy group, at the end of the third postoperative week, PDL 585 nm was radiated. Furthermore, at the end of the sixth week, fractional CO2 Laser was radiated. The patients were followed for 6 months after the last Laser therapy session. Visual analogue scale was used to rate the appearance of the scar tissues by 3 surgeons blinded to the treatment of scars. The appearance of the scars was determined as poor, fair, good or excellent. Results: VAS averaged 5. 5±, 0. 8 in Laser therapy group and 4. 8±, 0. 8 in the control group. The difference was not statistically significant (P=0. 057 ). There was no scar with excellent appearance in the current study. All of the scars were fair and good in the Laser therapy group. In the control group, 13 scars were fair. The difference was not significant (P=0. 227 ). Conclusion: Early combined Laser therapy using PDL and fractional CO2 Laser was associated with improved appearance of the scar tissue in short-term follow up, however, the effects were not statistically significant.

Pulse Dye Laser (PDL) is mainly used to treat vascular lesions but several studies performed in different research centers have shown the efficacy of this safe Laser in the treatment of non-vascular lesions as well. The aim of this study was to review, sum up and summarize these studies.PDL is a known alternative for cryotherapy in the treatment of some viral lesions such as periungual warts and molluscum contagiosum. The effect of this Laser in the management of inflammatory lesions is not yet known and there have been controversial results. PDL has a very little effect on these dematoses and it is limited to the lesions with a clear vascular component, such as psoriasis and acne. Finally, regarding collagen remodeling and its usage in rejuvenation and in the treatment of hypertrophic scars, keloid and striae, the results from various studies are different and while they confirm its possible effect, more studies have to be conducted in order to determine appropriate treatment parameters.

Background: Tracheal intubation is a very common procedure for maintaining patency of airway in critically ill patients. Intubation may lead to local complications such as tracheal destruction and post-intubation stenosis. There are two different therapeutic approaches for such patients. The first one is surgical end-to-end anastomosis suitable for severe destructions and fibrosis formations. The second and novel method is utilization of Nd-YAG Laser that can correct intraluminal airway lesions including webs, granulation tissues and fibrous bands. Nd-YAG Laser employment decreases hospitalization period, complications and, expenses; in addition, it saves medical staffs time and energy.Materials and Methods: An uncontrolled clinical trial was performed in post-intubation tracheal stenosis cases admitted to "National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease" (NRITLD) between 1994 to 1999. Bronchoscopy was performed for all patients, and those with the following inclusion criteria underwent Laser therapy: length of stenosis less than 2 cm, tracheal lumen diameter more than 5mm, and granulation tissue type lesions. Patients who did not meet the aforementioned criteria were referred for surgical interventions. Leaser therapy was employed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. For those patients with tracheal lumen diameter between 5-10 mm rigid bronchosopy was performed under general anesthesia.Results: Of 32 patients, 25 met the primary criteria for Laser therapy, from which 22 (88%) were completely cured. Because of poor general condition, 5 of 7 other patients who had been referred for surgery, underwent Laser therapy, therefore a total of 30 patients (93%) took advantage of this technique. Overall, 23 patients were treated only with Laser therapy, 2 patients only with surgery and 7 patients with a combination of these two approaches.Conclusion: This trial revealed that if patients with post-intubation tracheal stenosis are selected correctly, Leser therapy can be used as a beneficial and safe method with satisfactory results.

Background & Aims: Septorhinoplasty surgery is a common and popular procedure in Iran, known for its significant impact on improving the quality of life, self-confidence, and overall life satisfaction of patients. This surgical technique is well-established and precise, aiming to enhance both the aesthetic and functional aspects of the nose. However, a common challenge associated with septorhinoplasty is the development of ecchymosis, a condition characterized by swelling and bruising, which can be severe and, in some cases, even fatal. Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the potential of PDL (Pulsed Dye Laser) treatment to mitigate ecchymosis following septorhinoplasty. Several studies have explored the efficacy of Laser therapy in reducing the severity and duration of ecchymosis in the postoperative period. PDL treatment, with its targeted and non-invasive approach, has shown promise in effectively reducing bleeding and accelerating the natural healing process. This positive outcome is likely attributed to its ability to increase blood flow, promote lymph drainage, reduce inflammation, and enhance tissue generation. The non-invasive nature of this approach provides a favorable alternative to traditional methods, reducing the risk of further damage to delicate nasal tissues and ultimately facilitating a smoother recovery for patients. This review aims to examine recent articles in this field to present the results, ultimately aiding in informed decision-making regarding the use of PDL Laser therapy after septorhinoplasty. Methods: The process of investigating the role of PDL Laser in reducing ecchymosis after septorhinoplasty commenced with a thorough research methodology. Keywords including "Laser, " "ecchymosis, " and "septorhinoplasty" were employed to search various academic databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library, for relevant studies. Specific filters were applied to refine the search, including parameters related to publication date, study design, and subject relevance. Priority was given to peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and comprehensive meta-analyses published within the past decade to ensure that the review encompassed current and relevant research. Additionally, the selection criteria focused on studies that specifically investigated the application of PDL Laser therapy to reduce ecchymosis following septorhinoplasty. The selected articles underwent meticulous evaluation, considering methodology, sample size, study design, and the results of Laser treatment in managing ecchymosis. Particular attention was given to the quality of evidence, statistical significance, and the identification of any potential limitations or biases within the studies. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of key findings was conducted, emphasizing the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and potential challenges associated with the utilization of Laser therapy to reduce ecchymosis after septorhinoplasty. Results: In the study conducted by Alegre-Sánchez et al., involving 34 patients aged between 28 and 79 years, ecchymosis resulting from various causes, including trauma, surgery, and cosmetic procedures, was investigated. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of PDL Laser treatment with varying parameters. The findings indicated that shorter pulses (0. 5 ms) and higher fluences (8 j/cm2) were more effective in treating ecchymosis, particularly in cases of severe ecchymosis. Older, milder, and deeper ecchymoses exhibited a lower response rate. DeFatta et al. conducted a study to explore the effectiveness of PDL Laser (6 j/cm2, 6 ms) in reducing ecchymosis following cosmetic procedures in 20 patients. Their research revealed a 63% improvement in ecchymosis within 48 to 72 hours of Laser treatment. Moreover, the rate of healing was higher when Laser therapy was administered between days 5 and 10 after the onset of ecchymosis. Two other studies reported that the rate and speed of recovery from ecchymosis following PDL Laser treatment were significantly higher than in control groups. Conclusion: Septorhinoplasty is widely recognized as an effective cosmetic procedure both in Iran and across the globe. Consequently, significant efforts have been devoted to addressing the challenges associated with this surgery in recent years. Among these challenges, ecchymosis stands out as a worrisome complication during the early postoperative phase. The application of Lasers in this context generally contributes to a faster resolution of ecchymosis, providing a smoother path to recovery for patients. This positive outcome is attributed to the reduction of inflammation, improved blood circulation, and increased lymph drainage. The capability of Laser therapy to expedite the resolution of bruising and promote rapid healing significantly enhances patient satisfaction and overall surgical outcomes. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of low-level Laser therapy in various medical conditions, ranging from diabetic foot to androgenic alopecia, post-chemotherapy mucositis, wound healing, and inflammation. Harsant et al. explored the effects of low-level Laser therapy in facial plastic surgery, highlighting its impact on flap survival, wound healing, alopecia, and potential effects on skin aging. They recommended further comprehensive data in this field and considered the use of Laser therapy as an adjuvant treatment. Moreover, Alegre Sanchez et al. and Fata et al. indicated the potential of low-level Laser therapy in reducing ecchymosis. However, it's important to note that none of these studies were case-control studies. In another meta-analysis, Enwemeka et al. emphasized the highly effective role of Laser phototherapy in tissue repair and pain reduction, positively impacting all three stages of tissue repair. The potential effects of low-level Laser therapy, as discussed in previous articles, encompass several key mechanisms: Reducing Edema and Inflammation, Restoring Damaged Tissue, Collagen Synthesis, Increasing Elasticity, Reducing Pain, Increasing Tissue Perfusion and Neovascularization, Increasing Cell Proliferation, and Especially Fibroblasts. An accepted theory regarding the biological mechanism of photomodulation suggests that it involves the absorption of light by chromophores. These mechanisms, especially the recovery of damaged tissue and neovascularization, can effectively reduce edema and ecchymosis following rhinoplasty. In a study conducted by Saedi et al., the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores in the Laser-treated group were reported as better than those in the control group. However, it's worth noting that this difference was not statistically significant. Possible explanations for this inconsistency could include patients experiencing post-surgery stress or focusing on all parts of their face rather than just the area around the eyes. Additionally, if patients do not report a significant difference after Laser surgery, the treatment may not fully serve its intended purpose. This discrepancy may also account for the differences in perceptions between the researchers and the patients involved. Nevertheless, the findings of this study demonstrated a positive effect of low-power Laser therapy on ecchymosis that persisted for up to one month. While the precise results may vary across different studies, there is a general consensus that the use of Laser therapy is effective in reducing ecchymosis following surgery. Patients who undergo septorhinoplasty and receive Laser treatment post-surgery tend to experience a swifter healing process. Moreover, certain studies have highlighted the benefits of Laser treatment, such as the reduction of side effects and increased patient comfort compared to traditional treatment methods. The available data strongly support the notion that Laser therapy plays a pivotal role in the management of ecchymosis following surgeries, including septorhinoplasty. However, it's important to acknowledge a limitation of this treatment method, namely its cost, which may pose a barrier to its widespread adoption. Despite the positive results observed in this study, the extensive use of PDL in reducing ecchymosis after surgery necessitates longer-term follow-up and further studies with larger sample sizes and diverse intervention types to comprehensively evaluate its benefits and cost-effectiveness.

Background and Aims: Lasers with different characteristics have been used to stimulate orthodontic tooth movement. Considering the contradictory findings in this regard, this study was designed to assess the effect of low level Laser therapy (LLLT) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 12 patients (4 boys and 8 girls; average age: 16.9±3.4) with extracted upper first premolars and required canine retraction into extraction site were included. While in both sides canines were retracted by NiTi coil spring, one side was exposed to GaAlAs Laser (890 nm). LLLT was done (on the buccal and palatal mucosa by slow movement of probe) at the beginning of the first month. Impression and cast fabrication performed at the beginning of retraction, one and two months later. The amount of retraction on the cast was measured with the aid of a reference plaque fabricated on the rogae using a digital caliper. Data were analyzed using paired sample T-test and one-sample Kolmogorov-Simirnov test.Results: There was no significant difference in the amounts of canine movement between Laser exposed and control sides (P>0.05).Conclusion: The energy dose of Laser used in this study (72 J per each tooth) was not appropriate for increasing dental movement.

Background: Age- related cataract is the main cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. Surgery is the only treatment currently available for lens opacity. It is the most frequently performed procedure in ophthalmology. There are many different advantage and disadvantages. Today, ultrasound phacoemulsification is the most performed method for surgery. One of alternative energy forms is Laser photolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mean energy delivery to eye using Dodick Laser photolysis for phacoemulsification.Methods: 76 eyes from 76 patients at Aban Eye Clinic in Esfahan were introduced to study. Cataract density was rated preoperatively using lens opacity classification system III (LOCS III) on 0 to +4 density scale. Lenses with +4 nuclear density scales were excluded. Finally 67 eyes were operated with ARC Dodick Laser photolysis system throw 2.8 mm clear corneal incision. Delivered energy was recorded. Findings: Of 67 patients, 39 (58.2%) were male and 28 (41.8%) were female, and had a mean age of 58.3+12.8 (14-84 years). There was no statistically significant difference between age of male patients (56.5+12.8) and female patients (60.7+11.9) (p=0.18). Mean delivered energy to eyes was 4.5+2.6 joules for nucleuses with density of +1, +2 and +3 mean delivered energy was calculated as 3.32+2.60, 3.7+2.59 and 5.7+2.23 joules respectively. Finally it was reverted that there was a direct relationship between delivered energy and nuclear density (p=0.00001, r=0.57).Conclusion: In spite of the lower amount of energy used, as the preoperative hardness of lens nucleus or lengthening of operation cannot be predicted before surgery, this technique is not well- accepted; hopefully with resolving of technical problems in the future, it can be used more properly.